Many businesses are still unaware that the VAT late filing and late payment rules now operate on a points-based system, where repeated delays can quickly lead to a £200 penalty and added interest.
The VAT late filing penalties regime changed for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023. Under the new system, there are penalty points for late filing of VAT returns and for the late payment of VAT liabilities.
The revised system operates on a points-based approach. A taxpayer receives one penalty point for each VAT return that is submitted late. Once a specific threshold of points is reached, a financial penalty of £200 is charged and the taxpayer is notified.
The penalty thresholds based on VAT return frequency vary: for annual filers, the threshold is 2 points; for quarterly filers, it's 4 points; and for monthly filers, it's 5 points.
For example, a business that files VAT returns on a quarterly basis will receive a £200 penalty once it accumulates four late submission points. To remove the penalty points and return to a clean compliance record, the taxpayer must submit all VAT returns on time for a continuous period of twelve months. There are also statutory time limits after which a penalty point cannot be issued for a particular late return.
Late payment penalties are applied separately. If VAT remains unpaid between 16 and 30 days after the due date, a first penalty of 2% of the outstanding tax is charged. If the VAT is still unpaid 31 days or more after the due date, a second penalty of 4% of the outstanding amount applies.
In addition, late payment interest is charged from the day payment becomes overdue until it is paid in full.